Use Of The Commercial Mobile Alert System To Trigger Alternative Receivers

ABSTRACT

A system and method for providing a message to a user of a device, such as a mobile cellular phone, which includes using a signal, such as a wireless broadcast alert, to turn on one or more receivers of the device configured to receive the message, conserves battery power for the device until it is needed in order to receive and transmit the message.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of, and claims priority to, U.S.patent application Ser. No. 14/472,893, filed Aug. 29, 2014 which is acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/454,466, filed Apr.24, 2012 which issued Sep. 23, 2014 as U.S. Pat. No. 8,843,103. U.S.patent application Ser. No. 14/472,893 is incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety. U.S. Pat. No. 8,843,103 is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The technical field generally relates to telematics using wirelesscommunications and more specifically is directed to telematics embeddedin mobile devices to provide value added services to subscribers.

BACKGROUND

The Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) was established by the FederalCommunications Commission (FCC) to allow wireless service providers tosend emergency alerts to their subscribers. Such alerts are initiallyintended to be in the form of text messages, but may also take the formof audio and video alerts. The CMAS network will allow emergencyservices agencies, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA), to accept and aggregate alerts from federal, state, and localemergency operations centers, and send the alerts over a secureinterface to wireless providers. The wireless providers can thendistribute the alerts to their customers.

Emergency alerts issued by emergency services agencies may be intendedto reach users in a specific geographical area. For instance, in theevent of an impending potential natural disaster such as a hurricane, anemergency service agency may wish to notify the populations of thecounties that have been determined to be most likely to be impacted bythe potential disaster.

Emergency alert message may be provided to various types of devices inconformance with various types of formats. Thus, because multipleformats may be used, it is possible that a device, such as a mobiledevice, may not be able to process an emergency alert message becausethe emergency alert message was provided in a format not compatible withthe device.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary that describes some aspectsand/or embodiments of the subject disclosure. This summary is not anextensive overview of the disclosure. Indeed, additional or alternativeaspects and/or embodiments of the subject disclosure may be availablebeyond those described in the summary.

As described herein, there is provided a method of alerting a user, suchas a user of a cellular phone, to a broadcast, such as an emergencyalert, comprising downloading configuration data to a device, such as acellphone, which may be configured to receive the configuration data,which configuration data may correspond to a first source of transmittedinformation that may be transmitted in a geographical area associatedwith the location of the device. The configuration data may comprise anapplication on a mobile device that gets configuration data from thenetwork or “cloud” in real-time, or the configuration data may bepre-provisioned on the mobile device and used by the executableapplication on the mobile device, or the configuration may be broadcastby the network on other communications channels which are read andprocessed by the application on the mobile device. The method mayfurther comprise receiving through the device a signal, such as a“bell-ringer” signal from a second source of transmitted information,such as CMAS. A receiver in the device may then be instructed, inresponse to the bell-ringer signal, to power on and the device may befurther instructed to tune to a channel or frequency associated with thegeographic area for the device, and the channel or frequency maycorrespond to the first source of transmitted information. Thetransmitted information from the first source of information may then betransmitted to the user through the device.

In accordance with another example of the present disclosure, the firstsource of transmitted information may be one or more of DTV, FM, AM,satellite, and/or NWR broadcasts, and the receiver(s) may be configuredto receive one or more of such broadcasts. The configuration data may bedownloaded the first time the device is powered on in a new geographiclocation, and the device may include a wireless broadcast application(e.g., CMAS application) that accesses a website and downloadsconfiguration data corresponding to the first source of transmittedinformation, including one or more of PBS stations, FM stations, AMstations, and NWR channels in use in the geographic location in whichthe device is located. The wireless broadcast application may default toone of the first sources of transmitted information known by thewireless broadcast application to transmit emergency broadcasts in thespecified geographical area. The device may be further configured todetermine relative signal strength of the various sources of transmittedinformation in the relevant geographical location, and may tune thedevice to the channel corresponding to the strongest relative signalstrength.

In accordance with another example embodiment of the invention, a mobiledevice may be provided and configured to process a wireless broadcastmessage. The mobile device may further be configured to receive awireless broadcast message through a wireless broadcast application,employ the wireless broadcast application to download configuration datacorresponding to one or more broadcast sources for a geographic locationwhen the mobile device is powered on for the first time in thatgeographic location, or when the device migrates for the first time intothat geographic location while powered on. The device may be furtherconfigured to receive a wireless broadcast alert and display the alertto a user of the mobile device, and to determine through the wirelessbroadcast application that the mobile device is also capable ofreceiving signals from the broadcast source(s). The device may befurther configured to use the wireless broadcast application to power onone or more receivers that are configured to receive broadcasts in thegeographic location where the device is situated. The device may befurther configured to receive signals from the broadcast sources and totune to a channel determined by the wireless broadcast application to beassociated with the geographic location of the mobile device. The devicemay be further configured to transmit information from the at least onebroadcast source through the mobile device.

In accordance with another example embodiment of the present disclosure,a system for triggering alternative receivers of broadcast emergencyalert information is provided, and may include at least one receiverconfigured to receive the emergency alert information from a firstsource of information. The receiver may initially be in an “off” state.The system may further include a processor configured to downloadconfiguration data for the first source of information corresponding toa geographic location in which the system is operating. The system maybe further configured to receive a wireless broadcast alert from asecond source of information, and to use the wireless broadcast alert toinitiate an instruction to power the receiver from the “off” state to an“on” state, and to tune the receiver to a channel associated with thegeographical location of the system. The system may be furtherconfigured to display the emergency alert information.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following description is better understood when read in conjunctionwith the appended drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a non-limiting, exemplary systemarchitecture in which systems and methods for identifying a geographicalarea in a commercial mobile alert service message may be implemented.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a non-limiting, exemplary method of processinga message according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a non-limiting, exemplary device that maybe used in connection with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a non-limiting system and method of practicingan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 depicts an overall block diagram of an exemplary packet-basedmobile cellular network environment, such as a GPRS network, in whichthe CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternative receivers.

FIG. 6 illustrates an architecture of a typical GPRS network in whichthe CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternative receivers.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary block diagram view of a GSM/GPRS/IPmultimedia network architecture within which the CMAS may be utilized totrigger alternative receivers.

FIG. 8 illustrates a PLMN block diagram view of an exemplaryarchitecture in which the CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternativereceivers.

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

The present disclosure relates to conveying information through anymedium that can be perceived by a user of a device, including by way ofexample, but not limitation, text data, voice data, video images,printed messages, audio transmissions, graphical images, and maps. Thepresent disclosure also relates to broadcasting information, forexample, the transmission of data (information packets) so that it canbe received by a large number of receiving devices simultaneously.Examples of broadcast messages are mobile television service broadcastsignals, including content broadcasts (content flow) and overheadinformation broadcasts (overhead flow) such as metadata messages.

The present disclosure further relates to the broadcast of emergencyalerts. There are currently three types of emergency alerts.Presidential Alerts relate to national emergencies, Imminent ThreatAlerts relate to emergencies where life or property is at risk, such ashurricanes or tornadoes, and Child Abduction Emergency/AMBER Alertsrelate to missing or endangered children due to an abduction or runawaysituation. Subscribers may be able to opt-out of receiving ImminentThreat and Child Abduction/AMBER alerts, but may not be permitted toopt-out of Presidential Alerts.

At the April 2011 National Association of Broadcasters show in LasVegas, the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) announced it plans to test anext-generation emergency alert system. The system intends to feedEmergency Alert Service (EAS) information to platforms of all types,from cellphones, tablet computers, laptops, netbooks to in-carnavigation systems, using the ATSC M/H Mobile DTV standard. This methodrequires the mobile device to have a DTV receiver compliant to the ATSCM/H Mobile DTV standard. The DTV signals could be broadcast on standardTV broadcast frequencies, dedicated mobile TV frequencies, orfrequencies within the cell bands.

Other proposals have been for mobile devices to include FM or AM radiosin the devices and use the “data channels” embedded in the FM or AMbroadcast signals to send emergency alert information to FM/AM-capabledevices.

A third proposal has NOAA Weather Radios (NWR) built into mobile devicesto be used for obtaining additional emergency alert information.

Finally, mobile devices embedded in automobiles may have satellite radioreceivers that may also be broadcasting emergency alert information on adedicated channel or through a data feed.

These methods are independent of the CMAS, which is being developed todeliver emergency alerts to mobile devices.

There are several problems associated with using embedded DTV, FM, AM,satellite, or NWR in a mobile device such as a cellphone for receivingand broadcasting emergency alert services. In any given area of thecountry, there are typically many broadcast television or FM/AM radiostations on assigned channels, and a NWR broadcast on one of theassigned NWR channels (frequencies). A satellite broadcast channel maybe common across the country due to the wide broadcast area. However, inorder to be most effective, a DTV, FM, AM, satellite, or NWR receiverembedded in a mobile device would have to be “on” continuously,monitoring for an incoming emergency alert message on the correct“channel”—either by the user tuning the DTV, FM, AM, satellite, or NWRreceiver to the correct channel in their area (for example, to the PBSstation or to the FM station that would broadcast emergency alerts, orto the local NWR broadcast), or through a scanning function of the DTV,FM, AM, satellite, or NWR receiver. Either method is problematic, as itrequires the receivers to be powered on continuously, thus significantlyimpacting the battery life of the device. The user may also be requiredto tune or scan for the correct channel, potentially costing valuabletime in an emergency situation. Some mobile devices are configured toactivate their receiver circuitry periodically, only a small percentageof the time, in order to conserve battery power. A problem with suchdevices, however, is that the receiver circuitry may be powered off at acritical moment when important information relating to an emergencysituation has occurred.

In one embodiment, CMAS emergency alerts may be provided using UniversalMobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and/or Global System for Mobilecommunications (GSM) cell broadcast technologies. This disclosureprovides methods and systems for using an alert, such as a CMASemergency alert, to power on one or more receivers in a device, such asDTV, FM, AM, satellite, and/or NWR receivers, which receivers can thenbe tuned to receive an emergency broadcast in the geographical area inwhich the device is located.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary architecture 100 that may be used toprovide emergency alerts to mobile devices using GSM, UMTS, or otherwireless network technologies. An alert generated by a governmental oremergency services agency may be referred to as a Commercial MobileAlert Message (CMAM). CMAM 101 may be generated at or otherwise providedto a wireless carrier or wireless service provider, referred to hereinas a Commercial Mobile Service Provider (CMSP), by Alert Gateway 110,which may be a CMAS alert gateway, and may be operated by a governmentalor emergency services agency. Alert Gateway 110 may transmit CMAM 101 toCMSP Gateway 120. CMSP Gateway 120 may be dedicated to receiving CMAMsfrom one or more alert gateways such as Alert Gateway 110, and maycommunicate with Alert Gateway 110 using a secure data connection. Allother configurations of alert gateways and CMSP gateways, and all othermeans of communication between such gateways, including wired, wireless,secure, unsecure, encrypted, and unencrypted, are contemplated as withinthe scope of the present disclosure.

In one embodiment, CMAM 101 may be generated and/or transmitted fromAlert Gateway 110 to CMSP Gateway 120, and may be limited to 90characters and may be based on Common Alert Protocol (CAP) key fields.In one embodiment, CMAM 101 may include a message type, for exampleindicating that CMAM 101 is one of a “CMAS-Presidential”,“CMAS-Extreme-Alert-Message”, “CMAS-Severe-Alert-Message”, or“CMAS-Amber-Alert” type message. Other message types are alsocontemplated. CMAM 101 may also include message contents that areintended for display to users receiving the message.

In one embodiment, CMAM 101 may include geocode 103, which may begenerated by Alert Gateway 110 or any other device within orcommunicatively connected to the CMAS. Geocode 103 may be generatedautomatically, based on user input, or a combination of both. Geocode103 may be referred to as a “CMAC_cmas_geocode”. Geocode 103 may be fivecharacters in length. Such characters may be letters or numbers, or acombination of both. Such characters may be represented in ASCII codes,binary representations, or any other form or representation that allowssuch a code to be identified and read by computing devices. The firsttwo characters or digits of geocode 103 may identify the state or regionof a geographical area. The last three characters or digits of geocode103 may identify a specific county, region, or equivalent entitieswithin the state or region identified by the first two characters ordigits. Other quantities of characters or digits used to represent ageographical area, and other combinations of state, region, andgeographical area identifiers are contemplated as within the scope ofthe present disclosure.

In one embodiment, the first two digits or characters of geocode 103 maycontain an indication for a state that follows the two digit FIPS StateNumeric Code as defined in Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2(FIPS 5-2), titled “Codes for the Identification of the States, theDistrict of Columbia and the Outlying Areas of the United States, andAssociated Areas”, dated 28 May 1987. In such an embodiment, if the lastthree characters or digits of geocode 103 are three zeroes (000), such ageocode may indicate that the entire state as specified by the first twodigits or characters is the area of concern for the alert.

In one embodiment, where the last three characters or digits of geocode103 are not three zeroes, the last three characters or digits of geocode103 may contain an indication for a specific county as defined inFederal Information Processing Standard 6-4 (FIPS 6-4), titled “Countiesand Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, andAssociated Areas”, dated 31 Aug. 1990.

In one embodiment, an alert message intended for the entire UnitedStates including all states, the District of Columbia, possessions, andassociated areas will be identified by the first two digits orcharacters of geocode 103 being set to “US” and the last threecharacters or digits of geocode 103 being set to “000”, resulting ingeocode 103 containing the code “US000”.

In one embodiment, alerts may be targeted for regions of the country(such as the Gulf States). In such an embodiment, geocode values forregional areas such as FEMA regions or National Weather Service (NWS)regions may be used to construct a geocode such as geocode 103. FEMAregions may be assigned values in the format of “US0xx”, while and theNWS regions may be assigned values in the format of “US1xx”.

FIG. 2 illustrates a non-limiting exemplary method 200 of providing analert, such as an emergency alert message to one or more user devices. Awide variety of alerts may be issued, including without limitationearthquake warnings, tsunami warnings, severe weather alerts, wildfirealerts, Amber alerts, flash flood alerts, evacuation alerts, terrorevent warnings, pollution alerts, and general public advisories, all ofwhich may be received and displayed in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure. At block 210, configuration data may be downloadedto a user device configured to receive such data, which may correspondto a first source of transmitted information that is transmitted in ageographical area associated with the location of the device. The userdevice may be a mobile device including, without limitation, mobilemedia broadcast receivers, cellular telephones, multimedia Internetenabled cellular telephones, (e.g., the Blackberry Storm®), tabletcomputers, laptops, netbooks, in-car navigation systems, personal dataassistants, palm-top computers, wireless electronic mail receivers,Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, wireless gaming controllers,portable media players, smart phones, Session Initiation Protocolphones, video phones, thin clients, TVs, DVD players, set top boxes,monitors, displays, receivers within motor vehicles, motor vehiclecontrols, and similar personal electronic devices which include aprogrammable processor and memory.

The downloading of configuration data at block 210 may occur the firsttime the user device is powered on in a new location, or may occur asthe device migrates from one geographic location to another. Powering onthe user device in order to download configuration data may be donemanually by the user, or may be initiated through systems that can sendan EAS alert to a device that is in “sleep” or “inactive” mode, such asdisclosed in U.S. Application Publication Number US 2010/0105351 A1,incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.

This downloading of configuration data may involve the device using aCMAS application to access a website and download configuration datacorresponding to the first source of transmitted information. The firstsource of transmitted information may include one or more of PBSstations, FM stations, AM stations, satellite broadcasts, and NWRchannels in use for broadcasting emergency information in the geographiclocation in which the device is located. The user device may include oneor more first receivers configured to receive transmitted informationfrom one or more of these first sources of transmitted information. Suchfirst receivers may be in the “on” or “off” position at the start.According to one method of practicing the present disclosure, such firstreceivers are in the “off” position at the start in order to conservebattery power.

At block 220, a signal may be received from a second source oftransmitted information, such as a CMAS alert, which may be received bya second receiver. This signal may be received by a user device, such asa portable cellphone, using known methods, such as those disclosed inco-owned pending application Publication Number US 2011/0081884 A1,incorporated in its entirety by reference herein. Other sources of thesecond source of transmitted information for providing the signal atblock 220 may include alert signals from the National Weather Service,Primary Notification (Japan), and Communications from Authority toIndividuals and the Public During Emergencies (Europe), and othersimilar alerts, as will now be appreciated by those of ordinary skill inthe art.

At block 230, one or more first receivers associated with the userdevice may be instructed to power “on” in response to receipt of thesignal at block 220, which may be a “bell ringer” signal. In this way,such first receivers need not be maintained in the “on” position all thetime, needlessly draining the battery of the user device, rather, suchreceivers may be powered “on” only when instructed to do so in responseto receiving an alert, such as an emergency CMAS alert, on a differentreceiver that either does not use as much power, or is only onintermittently checking for emergency alerts.

At block 240, after the first receiver(s) is turned “on,” it may beinstructed to tune to a channel corresponding with the first source ofinformation. The user may select, either in advance, or at block 240,which channel to tune to. Alternatively, the device may default to achannel to receive information from one of several possible firstsources of transmitted information. In one embodiment of the presentdisclosure, the device may default to a channel by determining relativesignal strength of the various first sources of transmitted informationin the relevant geographic location in which the user device is located,and may tune the receiver to a channel corresponding to the greatestrelative signal strength.

At block 250, once the selected first receiver is tuned to a channel toreceive information from the first source of transmitted information,that information may be transmitted or displayed, such as through aspeaker, vibrator, screen, printer, or other medium, to a user of themobile device, who can then listen to, visualize or otherwise receivethe transmitted information and make a determination based on it, suchas rerouting, seeking shelter, etc. The user may then determine to exitthe system, for example, powering “off” the first receiver(s) toconserve batter power in the user device.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a mobile deviceconfigured as described herein may be connected to an automobilenavigation system, (for example, via Bluetooth® technology), thatpermits the mobile device to utilize speakers and/or screens in theautomobile to display the information being broadcast as describedherein. In this embodiment, the mobile device may be configured to alertthe driver to a CMAS message, and tune the automobile's radio to theappropriate station to receive the broadcast message. In the case ofweather alerts, the mobile device may be configured to display radarweather imaging on the automobile's navigation screen.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an example user device, such as awireless device 310 that may be used in connection with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. References will also be made to other Figures ofthe present disclosure as appropriate. For example, wireless devicesdescribed subsequently may each be a wireless device of the typedescribed in regard to FIG. 3, and may have some, all, or none of thecomponents and modules described in regard to FIG. 3. It will beappreciated that the components and modules of wireless device 310illustrated in FIG. 3 are illustrative, and that any number and type ofcomponents and/or modules may be present in wireless device 310. Inaddition, the functions performed by any or all of the components andmodules illustrated in FIG. 3 may be performed by any number of physicalcomponents. Thus, it is possible that in some embodiments thefunctionality of more than one component and/or module illustrated inFIG. 3 may be performed by any number or types of hardware and/orsoftware.

Processor 321 may be any type of circuitry that performs operations onbehalf of wireless device 310. In one embodiment, processor 321 executessoftware (i.e., computer readable instructions stored on a computerreadable medium) that may include functionality related to transmittingand receiving telephonic communications including CBS messages and/orCMAMs in some form, communicating with, operating, or interfacing with aCMSP network, and/or running software configured to operate,communicate, or interface with a CMSP network, for example. Processor321 in one embodiment may include a CMAS application enabling the mobiledevice 310 to access a website and download configuration datacorresponding to one or more first sources of transmitted informationdescribed herein.

User interface module 322 may be any type or combination of hardwareand/or software that enables a user to operate and interact withwireless device 310, and, in one embodiment, to interact with a systemor software enabling the user to view, modify, or delete a CBS messagesuch as those containing CMAM data as described herein. For example,user interface module 322 may include a display, physical and/or “soft”keys, voice recognition software, microphone, speaker and the like.

Wireless communication module 323 may be any type or combination ofhardware and/or software that enables wireless device 310 to communicatewith CMSP network equipment, for example, Base Transceiver Stations, orany other type of wireless communications network or network equipment.

Memory 324 may enable wireless device 310 to store information, such asa CBS message or the like, or the downloaded configuration datadescribed herein. Memory 324 may take any form, such as internal randomaccess memory (RAM), an SD card, a microSD card and the like.

Power supply 325 may be a battery or other type of power input (e.g., acharging cable that is connected to an electrical outlet, etc.) that iscapable of powering wireless device 310.

SIM 326 may be any type of Subscriber Identity Module and may beconfigured on a removable or non-removable SIM card that allows wirelessdevice 310 to store data on SIM 326.

Receiver(s) 327 may be one or more receivers associated with thewireless device 310 that are configured to receive transmittedinformation from one or more first sources of transmitted information,including by way of example, PBS stations, FM stations, AM stations,satellite, and/or NWR channels, and/or from a second source ofinformation, such as a CMAS alert.

Audio/Video display 328 may be one or more speakers, screens, printers,or other media configured to provide a user of the mobile device withinformation being transmitted from the first source of transmittedinformation.

Referring now to FIG. 4, there is illustrated a flow chart forpracticing a method and system of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. As illustrated at block 401, a mobile device may initiallybe powered “on,” while a first receiver in the device is initially “off”A second receiver capable of receiving an alert message, such as a CMASalert, may at this step also be powered “on.”

When the mobile device is powered on, as illustrated at block 402, anapplication associated with the device may determine whether or not thedevice is in a new geographic location. If a negative response isreceived, the device may continue to periodically or continuouslymonitor the device to make geographic location determinations. If anaffirmative response is received that the device has entered a newgeographic location, the mobile device may download configuration dataassociated with that new geographic location at block 403 as previouslydiscussed. As used herein, the term “new geographic location” isintended to mean a geographic location in which the device is residentthe first time the mobile device is powered on, as well as a change ingeographic location for the mobile device which could result inpreviously downloaded configuration data no longer being applicable tothe new location in which the device is resident. Thus, a new geographiclocation may be determined by the device either when a new device ispowered on for the first time, the first time the device is powered onin a new location, or while the device is on and migrates to a newlocation.

At block 404, the mobile device may receive an alert signal, such as aCMAS alert received through the second receiver, and may determinethrough an application at block 405 whether or not the device is capableof receiving a broadcast message in the relevant geographic locationthrough the first receiver. If an affirmative determination is made, themobile device may instruct the first receiver(s) to power “on,” asillustrated at block 406. The mobile device may then receive andtransmit/display the broadcast information, as illustrated at block 407.If a negative determination is made at block 405, the application in thedevice may continue to seek to determine if the first receiver(s) iscapable of receiving a broadcast, or may seek alternative receiversassociated with the device and seek to determine if such alternativereceivers are capable of receiving a broadcast in the relevantgeographic location.

Once the first receiver is powered “on,” the mobile device may also tunethe first receiver to an appropriate channel that is configured toreceive the broadcast message in the relevant geographic location, whichchannel may have been determined in the download of configuration dataat step 403.

FIG. 5 depicts an overall block diagram of an exemplary packet-basedmobile cellular network environment, such as a GPRS network, in whichthe CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternative receivers. In theexemplary packet-based mobile cellular network environment shown in FIG.5, there are a plurality of Base Station Subsystems (“BSS”) 500 (onlyone is shown), each of which comprises a Base Station Controller (“BSC”)502 serving a plurality of Base Transceiver Stations (“BTS”) such asBTSs 504, 506, and 508. BTSs 504, 506, 508, etc. are the access pointswhere users of packet-based mobile devices become connected to thewireless network. In exemplary fashion, the packet traffic originatingfrom user devices is transported via an over-the-air interface to a BTS508, and from the BTS 508 to the BSC 502. Base station subsystems, suchas BSS 500, are a part of internal frame relay network 510 that caninclude Service GPRS Support Nodes (“SGSN”) such as SGSN 512 and 514.Each SGSN is connected to an internal packet network 520 through which aSGSN 512, 514, etc. can route data packets to and from a plurality ofgateway GPRS support nodes (GGSN) 522, 524, 526, etc. As illustrated,SGSN 514 and GGSNs 522, 524, and 526 are part of internal packet network520. Gateway GPRS serving nodes 522, 524 and 526 mainly provide aninterface to external Internet Protocol (“IP”) networks such as PublicLand Mobile Network (“PLMN”) 550, corporate intranets 540, or Fixed-EndSystem (“FES”) or the public Internet 530. As illustrated, subscribercorporate network 540 may be connected to GGSN 524 via firewall 532; andPLMN 550 is connected to GGSN 524 via boarder gateway router 534. TheRemote Authentication Dial-In User Service (“RADIUS”) server 542 may beused for caller authentication when a user of a mobile cellular devicecalls corporate network 540.

Generally, there may be a several cell sizes in a GSM network, referredto as macro, micro, pico, femto and umbrella cells. The coverage area ofeach cell is different in different environments. Macro cells can beregarded as cells in which the base station antenna is installed in amast or a building above average roof top level. Micro cells are cellswhose antenna height is under average roof top level. Micro-cells aretypically used in urban areas. Pico cells are small cells having adiameter of a few dozen meters. Pico cells are used mainly indoors.Femto cells have the same size as pico cells, but a smaller transportcapacity. Femto cells are used indoors, in residential, or smallbusiness environments. On the other hand, umbrella cells are used tocover shadowed regions of smaller cells and fill in gaps in coveragebetween those cells.

FIG. 6 illustrates an architecture of a typical GPRS network in whichthe CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternative receivers. Thearchitecture depicted in FIG. 7 is segmented into four groups: users750, radio access network 760, core network 770, and interconnectnetwork 780. Users 750 comprise a plurality of end users. Note, device712 is referred to as a mobile subscriber in the description of networkshown in FIG. 7. In an example embodiment, the device depicted as mobilesubscriber 712 comprises a communications device (e.g., a cellulartelephone). Radio access network 660 comprises a plurality of basestation subsystems such as BSSs 662, which include BTSs 664 and BSCs666. Core network 670 comprises a host of various network elements. Asillustrated in FIG. 6, core network 670 may comprise Mobile SwitchingCenter (“MSC”) 671, Service Control Point (“SCP”) 672, gateway MSC 673,SGSN 676, Home Location Register (“HLR”) 674, Authentication Center(“AuC”) 675, Domain Name Server (“DNS”) 677, and GGSN 678. Interconnectnetwork 680 also comprises a host of various networks and other networkelements. As illustrated in FIG. 6, interconnect network 680 comprisesPublic Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”) 682, Fixed-End System (“FES”)or Internet 684, firewall 688, and Corporate Network 689.

A mobile switching center may be connected to a large number of basestation controllers. At MSC 671, for instance, depending on the type oftraffic, the traffic may be separated in that voice may be sent toPublic Switched Telephone Network (“PSTN”) 682 through Gateway MSC(“GMSC”) 673, and/or data may be sent to SGSN 676, which then sends thedata traffic to GGSN 678 for further forwarding.

When MSC 671 receives call traffic, for example, from BSC 666, it sendsa query to a database hosted by SCP 672. The SCP 672 processes therequest and issues a response to MSC 671 so that it may continue callprocessing as appropriate.

The HLR 674 is a centralized database for users to register to the GPRSnetwork. HLR 674 stores static information about the subscribers such asthe International Mobile Subscriber Identity (“IMSI”), subscribedservices, and a key for authenticating the subscriber. HLR 674 alsostores dynamic subscriber information such as the current location ofthe mobile subscriber. Associated with HLR 674 is AuC 675. AuC 675 is adatabase that contains the algorithms for authenticating subscribers andincludes the associated keys for encryption to safeguard the user inputfor authentication.

In the following, depending on context, the term “mobile subscriber”sometimes refers to the end user and sometimes to the actual portabledevice, such as a mobile device, used by an end user of the mobilecellular service. When a mobile subscriber turns on his or her mobiledevice, the mobile device goes through an attach process by which themobile device attaches to an SGSN of the GPRS network. In FIG. 6, whenmobile subscriber 612 initiates the attach process by turning on thenetwork capabilities of the mobile device, an attach request is sent bymobile subscriber 612 to SGSN 676. The SGSN 676 queries another SGSN, towhich mobile subscriber 612 was attached before, for the identity ofmobile subscriber 612. Upon receiving the identity of mobile subscriber612 from the other SGSN, SGSN 676 requests more information from mobilesubscriber 612. This information is used to authenticate mobilesubscriber 612 to SGSN 676 by HLR 674. Once verified, SGSN 676 sends alocation update to HLR 674 indicating the change of location to a newSGSN, in this case SGSN 676. HLR 674 notifies the old SGSN, to whichmobile subscriber 612 was attached before, to cancel the locationprocess for mobile subscriber 612. HLR 674 then notifies SGSN 676 thatthe location update has been performed. At this time, SGSN 676 sends anAttach Accept message to mobile subscriber 612, which in turn sends anAttach Complete message to SGSN 676.

After attaching itself with the network, mobile subscriber 612 then goesthrough the authentication process. In the authentication process, SGSN676 sends the authentication information to HLR 674, which sendsinformation back to SGSN 676 based on the user profile that was part ofthe user's initial setup. The SGSN 676 then sends a request forauthentication and ciphering to mobile subscriber 612. The mobilesubscriber 612 uses an algorithm to send the user identification (ID)and password to SGSN 676. The SGSN 676 uses the same algorithm andcompares the result. If a match occurs, SGSN 676 authenticates mobilesubscriber 612.

Next, the mobile subscriber 612 establishes a user session with thedestination network, corporate network 689, by going through a PacketData Protocol (“PDP”) activation process. Briefly, in the process,mobile subscriber 612 requests access to the Access Point Name (“APN”),for example, UPS.com, and SGSN 676 receives the activation request frommobile subscriber 612. SGSN 676 then initiates a Domain Name Service(“DNS”) query to learn which GGSN node has access to the UPS.com APN.The DNS query is sent to the DNS server within the core network 670,such as DNS 677, which is provisioned to map to one or more GGSN nodesin the core network 670. Based on the APN, the mapped GGSN 678 canaccess the requested corporate network 689. The SGSN 676 then sends toGGSN 678 a Create Packet Data Protocol (“PDP”) Context Request messagethat contains necessary information. The GGSN 678 sends a Create PDPContext Response message to SGSN 676, which then sends an Activate PDPContext Accept message to mobile subscriber 612.

Once activated, data packets of the call made by mobile subscriber 612can then go through radio access network 660, core network 670, andinterconnect network 680, in a particular fixed-end system or Internet684 and firewall 688, to reach corporate network 789.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary block diagram view of a GSM/GPRS/IPmultimedia network architecture within which the CMAS may be utilized totrigger alternative receivers. As illustrated, the architecture of FIG.7 includes a GSM core network 701, a GPRS network 730 and an IPmultimedia network 738. The GSM core network 701 includes a MobileStation (MS) 702, at least one Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 704 and aBase Station Controller (BSC) 706. The MS 702 is physical equipment orMobile Equipment (ME), such as a mobile phone or a laptop computer thatis used by mobile subscribers, with a Subscriber identity Module (SIM)or a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). The SIM or UICC includesan International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), which is a uniqueidentifier of a subscriber. The BTS 704 is physical equipment, such as aradio tower, that enables a radio interface to communicate with the MS.Each BTS may serve more than one MS. The BSC 706 manages radioresources, including the BTS. The BSC may be connected to several BTSs.The BSC and BTS components, in combination, are generally referred to asa base station (BSS) or radio access network (RAN) 703.

The GSM core network 701 also includes a Mobile Switching Center (MSC)708, a Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) 710, a Home LocationRegister (HLR) 712, Visitor Location Register (VLR) 714, anAuthentication Center (AuC) 718, and an Equipment Identity Register(EIR) 716. The MSC 708 performs a switching function for the network.The MSC also performs other functions, such as registration,authentication, location updating, handovers, and call routing. The GMSC710 provides a gateway between the GSM network and other networks, suchas an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or Public SwitchedTelephone Networks (PSTNs) 720. Thus, the GMSC 710 provides interworkingfunctionality with external networks.

The HLR 712 is a database that contains administrative informationregarding each subscriber registered in a corresponding GSM network. TheHLR 712 also contains the current location of each MS. The VLR 714 is adatabase that contains selected administrative information from the HLR712. The VLR contains information necessary for call control andprovision of subscribed services for each MS currently located in ageographical area controlled by the VLR. The HLR 712 and the VLR 714,together with the MSC 708, provide the call routing and roamingcapabilities of GSM. The AuC 716 provides the parameters needed forauthentication and encryption functions. Such parameters allowverification of a subscriber's identity. The EIR 718 storessecurity-sensitive information about the mobile equipment.

A Short Message Service Center (SMSC) 709 allows one-to-one ShortMessage Service (SMS) messages to be sent to/from the MS 702. A PushProxy Gateway (PPG) 711 is used to “push” (i.e., send without asynchronous request) content to the MS 702. The PPG 711 acts as a proxybetween wired and wireless networks to facilitate pushing of data to theMS 702. A Short Message Peer to Peer (SMPP) protocol router 713 isprovided to convert SMS-based SMPP messages to cell broadcast messages.SMPP is a protocol for exchanging SMS messages between SMS peer entitiessuch as short message service centers. The SMPP protocol is often usedto allow third parties, e.g., content suppliers such as newsorganizations, to submit bulk messages.

To gain access to GSM services, such as speech, data, and short messageservice (SMS), the MS first registers with the network to indicate itscurrent location by performing a location update and IMSI attachprocedure. The MS 702 sends a location update including its currentlocation information to the MSC/VLR, via the BTS 704 and the BSC 706.The location information is then sent to the MS's HLR. The HLR isupdated with the location information received from the MSC/VLR. Thelocation update also is performed when the MS moves to a new locationarea. Typically, the location update is periodically performed to updatethe database as location updating events occur.

The GPRS network 730 is logically implemented on the GSM core networkarchitecture by introducing two packet-switching network nodes, aserving GPRS support node (SGSN) 732, a cell broadcast and a GatewayGPRS support node (GGSN) 734. The SGSN 732 is at the same hierarchicallevel as the MSC 708 in the GSM network. The SGSN controls theconnection between the GPRS network and the MS 702. The SGSN also keepstrack of individual MS's locations and security functions and accesscontrols.

A Cell Broadcast Center (CBC) 717 communicates cell broadcast messagesthat are typically delivered to multiple users in a specified area. CellBroadcast is one-to-many geographically focused service. It enablesmessages to be communicated to multiple mobile phone customers who arelocated within a given part of its network coverage area at the time themessage is broadcast.

The GGSN 734 provides a gateway between the GPRS network and a publicpacket network (PDN) or other IP networks 736. That is, the GGSNprovides interworking functionality with external networks, and sets upa logical link to the MS through the SGSN. When packet-switched dataleaves the GPRS network, it is transferred to an external TCP-IP network736, such as an X.25 network or the Internet. In order to access GPRSservices, the MS first attaches itself to the GPRS network by performingan attach procedure. The MS then activates a packet data protocol (PDP)context, thus activating a packet communication session between the MS,the SGSN, and the GGSN.

In a GSM/GPRS network, GPRS services and GSM services can be used inparallel. The MS can operate in one of three classes: class A, class B,and class C. A class A MS can attach to the network for both GPRSservices and GSM services simultaneously. A class A MS also supportssimultaneous operation of GPRS services and GSM services. For example,class A mobiles can receive GSM voice/data/SMS calls and GPRS data callsat the same time.

A class B MS can attach to the network for both GPRS services and GSMservices simultaneously. However, a class B MS does not supportsimultaneous operation of the GPRS services and GSM services. That is, aclass B MS can only use one of the two services at a given time.

A class C MS can attach for only one of the GPRS services and GSMservices at a time. Simultaneous attachment and operation of GPRSservices and GSM services is not possible with a class C MS.

A GPRS network 730 can be designed to operate in three network operationmodes (NOM1, NOM2 and NOM3). A network operation mode of a GPRS networkis indicated by a parameter in system information messages transmittedwithin a cell. The system information messages dictates a MS where tolisten for paging messages and how to signal towards the network. Thenetwork operation mode represents the capabilities of the GPRS network.In a NOM1 network, a MS can receive pages from a circuit switched domain(voice call) when engaged in a data call. The MS can suspend the datacall or take both simultaneously, depending on the ability of the MS. Ina NOM2 network, a MS may not receive pages from a circuit switcheddomain when engaged in a data call, since the MS is receiving data andis not listening to a paging channel. In a NOM3 network, a MS canmonitor pages for a circuit switched network while received data andvice versa.

The IP multimedia network 738 was introduced with 3GPP Release 8, andincludes an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) 740 to provide rich multimediaservices to end users. A representative set of the network entitieswithin the IMS 740 are a call/session control function (CSCF), a mediagateway control function (MGCF) 746, a media gateway (MGW) 748, and amaster subscriber database, called a home subscriber server (HSS) 750.The HSS 750 may be common to the GSM network 701, the GPRS network 730as well as the IP multimedia network 738.

The IP multimedia system 740 is built around the call/session controlfunction, of which there are three types: an interrogating CSCF (I-CSCF)743, a proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) 742, and a serving CSCF (S-CSCF) 744. TheP-CSCF 742 is the MS's first point of contact with the IMS 740. TheP-CSCF 742 forwards session initiation protocol (SIP) messages receivedfrom the MS to an SIP server in a home network (and vice versa) of theMS. The P-CSCF 742 may also modify an outgoing request according to aset of rules defined by the network operator (for example, addressanalysis and potential modification).

The I-CSCF 743, forms an entrance to a home network and hides the innertopology of the home network from other networks and providesflexibility for selecting an S-CSCF. The I-CSCF 743 may contact asubscriber location function (SLF) 745 to determine which HSS 750 to usefor the particular subscriber, if multiple HSS's 750 are present. TheS-CSCF 744 performs the session control services for the MS 702. Thisincludes routing originating sessions to external networks and routingterminating sessions to visited networks. The S-CSCF 744 also decideswhether an application server (AS) 752 is required to receiveinformation on an incoming SIP session request to ensure appropriateservice handling. This decision is based on information received fromthe HSS 750 (or other sources, such as an application server 752). TheAS 752 also communicates to a location server 756 (e.g., a GatewayMobile Location Center (GMLC)) that provides a position (e.g.,latitude/longitude coordinates) of the MS 702.

The HSS 750 contains a subscriber profile and keeps track of which corenetwork node is currently handling the subscriber. It also supportssubscriber authentication and authorization functions (AAA). In networkswith more than one HSS 750, a subscriber location function providesinformation on the HSS 750 that contains the profile of a givensubscriber.

The MGCF 746 provides interworking functionality between SIP sessioncontrol signaling from the IMS 740 and ISUP/BICC call control signalingfrom the external GSTN networks (not shown). It also controls the mediagateway (MGW) 748 that provides user-plane interworking functionality(e.g., converting between AMR- and PCM-coded voice). The MGW 748 alsocommunicates with other IP multimedia networks 754.

Push to Talk over Cellular (PoC) capable mobile phones register with thewireless network when the phones are in a predefined area (e.g., jobsite, etc.). When the mobile phones leave the area, they register withthe network in their new location as being outside the predefined area.This registration, however, does not indicate the actual physicallocation of the mobile phones outside the pre-defined area.

FIG. 8 illustrates a PLMN block diagram view of an exemplaryarchitecture in which the CMAS may be utilized to trigger alternativereceivers. Mobile Station (MS) 801 is the physical equipment used by thePLMN subscriber. In one illustrative embodiment, a communications devicesuch as a cellular telephone may serve as Mobile Station 801. MobileStation 801 may be one of, but not limited to, a cellular telephone, acellular telephone in combination with another electronic device or anyother wireless mobile communication device.

Mobile Station 801 may communicate wirelessly with Base Station System(BSS) 810. BSS 810 contains a Base Station Controller (BSC) 811 and aBase Transceiver Station (BTS) 812. BSS 810 may include a single BSC811/BTS 812 pair (Base Station) or a system of BSC/BTS pairs which arepart of a larger network. BSS 810 is responsible for communicating withMobile Station 801 and may support one or more cells. BSS 810 isresponsible for handling cellular traffic and signaling between MobileStation 801 and Core Network 840. Typically, BSS 810 performs functionsthat include, but are not limited to, digital conversion of speechchannels, allocation of channels to mobile devices, paging, andtransmission/reception of cellular signals.

Additionally, Mobile Station 801 may communicate wirelessly with RadioNetwork System (RNS) 820. RNS 820 contains a Radio Network Controller(RNC) 821 and one or more Node(s) B 822. RNS 820 may support one or morecells. RNS 820 may also include one or more RNC 821/Node B 822 pairs oralternatively a single RNC 821 may manage multiple Nodes B 822. RNS 820is responsible for communicating with Mobile Station 801 in itsgeographically defined area. RNC 821 is responsible for controlling theNode(s) B 822 that are connected to it and is a control element in aUMTS radio access network. RNC 821 performs functions such as, but notlimited to, load control, packet scheduling, handover control, securityfunctions, as well as controlling Mobile Station 801's access to theCore Network (CN) 840.

The evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 830 is aradio access network that provides wireless data communications forMobile Station 801 and User Equipment 802. E-UTRAN 830 provides higherdata rates than traditional UMTS. It is part of the Long Term Evolution(LTE) upgrade for mobile networks and later releases meet therequirements of the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)Advanced and are commonly known as a 4G networks. E-UTRAN 830 mayinclude of series of logical network components such as E-UTRAN Node B(eNB) 831 and E-UTRAN Node B (eNB) 832. E-UTRAN 830 may contain one ormore eNBs. User Equipment 802 may be any user device capable ofconnecting to E-UTRAN 830 including, but not limited to, a personalcomputer, laptop, mobile device, wireless router, or other devicecapable of wireless connectivity to E-UTRAN 830. The improvedperformance of the E-UTRAN 830 relative to a typical UMTS network allowsfor increased bandwidth, spectral efficiency, and functionalityincluding, but not limited to, voice, high-speed applications, largedata transfer and IPTV, while still allowing for full mobility.

An exemplary embodiment of a mobile data and communication service thatmay be implemented in the PLMN architecture described in FIG. 8 is theEnhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). EDGE is an enhancement forGPRS networks that implements an improved signal modulation scheme knownas 9-PSK (Phase Shift Keying). By increasing network utilization, EDGEmay achieve up to three times faster data rates as compared to a typicalGPRS network. EDGE may be implemented on any GSM network capable ofhosting a GPRS network, making it an ideal upgrade over GPRS since itmay provide increased functionality of existing network resources.Evolved EDGE networks are becoming standardized in later releases of theradio telecommunication standards, which provide for even greaterefficiency and peak data rates of up to 1 Mbit/s, while still allowingimplementation on existing GPRS-capable network infrastructure.

Typically Mobile Station 801 may communicate with any or all of BSS 810,RNS 820, or E-UTRAN 830. In a illustrative system, each of BSS 810, RNS820, and E-UTRAN 830 may provide Mobile Station 801 with access to CoreNetwork 840. The Core Network 840 may include of a series of devicesthat route data and communications between end users. Core Network 840may provide network service functions to users in the Circuit Switched(CS) domain, the Packet Switched (PS) domain or both. The CS domainrefers to connections in which dedicated network resources are allocatedat the time of connection establishment and then released when theconnection is terminated. The PS domain refers to communications anddata transfers that make use of autonomous groupings of bits calledpackets. Each packet may be routed, manipulated, processed or handledindependently of all other packets in the PS domain and does not requirededicated network resources.

The Circuit Switched-Media Gateway Function (CS-MGW) 841 is part of CoreNetwork 840, and interacts with Visitor Location Register (VLR) andMobile-Services Switching Center (MSC) Server 860 and Gateway MSC Server861 in order to facilitate Core Network 840 resource control in the CSdomain. Functions of CS-MGW 841 include, but are not limited to, mediaconversion, bearer control, payload processing and other mobile networkprocessing such as handover or anchoring. CS-MGW 840 may receiveconnections to Mobile Station 801 through BSS 810, RNS 820 or both.

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) 842 stores subscriber data regardingMobile Station 801 in order to facilitate network functionality. SGSN842 may store subscription information such as, but not limited to, theInternational Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), temporary identities,or Packet Data Protocol (PDP) addresses. SGSN 842 may also storelocation information such as, but not limited to, the Gateway GPRSSupport Node (GGSN) 844 address for each GGSN where an active PDPexists. GGSN 844 may implement a location register function to storesubscriber data it receives from SGSN 842 such as subscription orlocation information.

Serving Gateway (S-GW) 843 is an interface which provides connectivitybetween E-UTRAN 830 and Core Network 840. Functions of S-GW 843 include,but are not limited to, packet routing, packet forwarding, transportlevel packet processing, event reporting to Policy and Charging RulesFunction (PCRF) 850, and mobility anchoring for inter-network mobility.PCRF 850 uses information gathered from S-GW 843, as well as othersources, to make applicable policy and charging decisions related todata flows, network resources and other network administrationfunctions. Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN-GW) 845 may provideuser-to-services connectivity functionality including, but not limitedto, network-wide mobility anchoring, bearer session anchoring andcontrol, and IP address allocation for PS domain connections.

Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 863 is a database for user information, andstores subscription data regarding Mobile Station 801 or User Equipment802 for handling calls or data sessions. Networks may contain one HSS863 or more if additional resources are required. Exemplary data storedby HSS 863 include, but is not limited to, user identification,numbering and addressing information, security information, or locationinformation. HSS 863 may also provide call or session establishmentprocedures in both the PS and CS domains.

The VLR/MSC Server 860 provides user location functionality. When MobileStation 801 enters a new network location, it begins a registrationprocedure. A MSC Server for that location transfers the locationinformation to the VLR for the area. A VLR and MSC Server may be locatedin the same computing environment, as is shown by VLR/MSC Server 860, oralternatively may be located in separate computing environments. A VLRmay contain, but is not limited to, user information such as the IMSI,the Temporary Mobile Station Identity (TMSI), the Local Mobile StationIdentity (LMSI), the last known location of the mobile station, or theSGSN where the mobile station was previously registered. The MSC servermay contain information such as, but not limited to, procedures forMobile Station 801 registration or procedures for handover of MobileStation 801 to a different section of the Core Network 840. GMSC Server861 may serve as a connection to alternate GMSC Servers for other mobilestations in larger networks.

Equipment Identity Register (EIR) 862 is a logical element which maystore the International Mobile Equipment Identities (IMEI) for MobileStation 801. In a typical embodiment, user equipment may be classifiedas either “white listed” or “black listed” depending on its status inthe network. In one embodiment, if Mobile Station 801 is stolen and putto use by an unauthorized user, it may be registered as “black listed”in EIR 862, preventing its use on the network. Mobility ManagementEntity (MME) 864 is a control node which may track Mobile Station 801 orUser Equipment 802 if the devices are idle. Additional functionality mayinclude the ability of MME 864 to contact an idle Mobile Station 801 orUser Equipment 802 if retransmission of a previous session is required.

It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein havethe ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions bypersons of ordinary skill in the field of the present disclosure as setforth above except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forthherein.

The sequences and methods shown and described herein can be carried outin a different order than those described. The particular sequences,functions, and operations depicted in the drawings are merelyillustrative of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, andother implementations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in theart. The drawings are intended to illustrate various implementations ofthe present disclosure that can be understood and appropriately carriedout by those of ordinary skill in the art. Any arrangement, which iscalculated to achieve the same purpose, may be substituted for thespecific embodiments shown.

Although the present disclosure has been described in connection withsome embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the specific formset forth herein. Rather, the scope of the present disclosure is limitedonly by the accompanying claims. Additionally, although a feature mayappear to be described in connection with particular embodiments, one ofordinary skill in the art would recognize that various features of thedescribed embodiments may be combined in accordance with the presentdisclosure. In the claims, the term “comprising” does not exclude thepresence of other elements or steps.

Furthermore, although individually listed, a plurality of means,elements or method steps may be implemented by e.g. a single unit orprocessor. Additionally, although individual features may be included indifferent claims, these may possibly be advantageously combined, and theinclusion in different claims does not imply that a combination offeatures is not feasible and/or advantageous. Also the inclusion of afeature in one category of claims does not imply a limitation to thiscategory but rather indicates that the feature is equally applicable toother claim categories as appropriate.

Furthermore, the order of features in the claims do not imply anyspecific order in which the features must be worked and in particularthe order of individual steps in a method claim does not imply that thesteps must be performed in this order. Rather, the steps may beperformed in any suitable order. In addition, singular references do notexclude a plurality. Thus references to “a,” “an,” “first,” “second,”etc. do not preclude a plurality.

While example embodiments of utilizing the CMAS to trigger alternativereceivers has been described in connection with various computingdevices/processors, the underlying concepts can be applied to anycomputing device, processor, and/or system capable of facilitatinginitiation of a call to an emergency call center as described herein.The methods and apparatuses for initiating a call to an emergency callcenter, or certain aspects or portions thereof, can take the form ofprogram code (i.e., instructions) embodied in tangible storage mediahaving a physical structure, such as floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, harddrives, or any other machine-readable storage medium having a physicaltangible structure (computer-readable storage medium), wherein, when theprogram code is loaded into and executed by a machine, such as acomputer, the machine becomes an apparatus for facilitating initiationof a call to an emergency call center. A computer-readable storagemedium, as described herein is an article of manufacture, and thus, notto be construed as a transient signal. In the case of program codeexecution on programmable computers, the computing device will generallyinclude a processor, a storage medium readable by the processor(including volatile and non-volatile memory and/or storage elements), atleast one input device, and at least one output device. The program(s)can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. Thelanguage can be a compiled or interpreted language, and combined withhardware implementations.

The methods and apparatuses for utilizing the CMAS to triggeralternative receivers may be practiced via communications embodied inthe form of program code that is transmitted over some transmissionmedium, such as over electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics,wherein, when the program code is received and loaded into and executedby a machine, such as an EPROM, a gate array, a programmable logicdevice (PLD), a client computer, or the like, the machine becomes anapparatus for facilitating initiation of a call to an emergency callcenter. When implemented on a general-purpose processor, the programcode combines with the processor to provide a unique apparatus thatoperates to invoke the functionality for utilizing the CMAS to triggeralternative receivers.

While utilizing the CMAS to trigger alternative receivers has beendescribed in connection with the various embodiments of the variousfigures, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for initiating a call to an emergency call center. Forexample, one skilled in the art will recognize that utilizing the CMASto trigger alternative receivers as described in the present applicationmay apply to any environment, whether wired or wireless, and may beapplied to any number of devices connected via a communications networkand interacting across the network. Therefore, utilizing the CMAS totrigger alternative receivers should not be limited to any singleembodiment, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope inaccordance with the appended claims.

What is claimed:
 1. An apparatus comprising: a processor; and memorycoupled to the processor, the memory comprising executable instructionsthat when executed by the processor cause the processor to effectuateoperations comprising: obtaining, via a wireless broadcast application,configuration data corresponding to at least one broadcast source for ageographic location responsive to at least one of: the apparatus beingpowered on for a first time in the geographic location; or the apparatusmigrating, while powered on, to the geographic location; determiningthat the apparatus is capable of receiving signals from the at least onebroadcast source; and tuning to a channel determined by the wirelessbroadcast application to be associated with the geographic location ofthe apparatus.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, the operations furthercomprising: configuring the apparatus to be in an on state for receivinga wireless broadcast message while an at least one receiver is initiallyin an off state; and powering on the apparatus in response to receivingthe wireless broadcast message.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thewireless broadcast application comprises a commercial mobile alertsystem (CMAS) application.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, the at least onebroadcast source comprising at least one of a digital televisionbroadcast, a frequency modulation broadcast, an amplitude modulationbroadcast, a satellite broadcast, or a national oceanic and atmosphericadministration weather radio broadcast.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, theoperations further comprising: selecting a source of the at least onebroadcast source based on a relative signal strength of a respective atleast one signal provided by the at least one broadcast source.
 6. Theapparatus of claim 1, the operations further comprising determining asignal strength associated with each of the at least one broadcastsource.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises atleast one of a digital television receiver, a frequency modulationreceiver, an amplitude modulation receiver, a satellite receiver, or anational oceanic and atmospheric administration weather radio receiver.8. A method comprising: obtaining, via a wireless broadcast applicationon an apparatus, configuration data corresponding to at least onebroadcast source for a geographic location responsive to at least oneof: the apparatus being powered on for a first time in the geographiclocation; or the apparatus migrating, while powered on, to thegeographic location; determining that the apparatus is capable ofreceiving signals from the at least one broadcast source; and tuning toa channel determined by the wireless broadcast application to beassociated with the geographic location of the apparatus.
 9. The methodof claim 8, further comprising: configuring the apparatus to be in an onstate for receiving a wireless broadcast message while an at least onereceiver is initially in an off state; and powering on the apparatus inresponse to receiving the wireless broadcast message.
 10. The method ofclaim 8, wherein the wireless broadcast application comprises acommercial mobile alert system (CMAS) application.
 11. The method ofclaim 8, the at least one broadcast source comprising at least one of adigital television broadcast, a frequency modulation broadcast, anamplitude modulation broadcast, a satellite broadcast, or a nationaloceanic and atmospheric administration weather radio broadcast.
 12. Themethod of claim 8, further comprising: selecting a source of the atleast one broadcast source based on a relative signal strength of arespective at least one signal provided by the at least one broadcastsource.
 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising determining asignal strength associated with each of the at least one broadcastsource.
 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the apparatus comprises atleast one of a digital television receiver, a frequency modulationreceiver, an amplitude modulation receiver, a satellite receiver, or anational oceanic and atmospheric administration weather radio receiver.15. A computer-readable storage medium comprising executableinstructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor toeffectuate operations comprising: obtaining, via a wireless broadcastapplication on an apparatus, configuration data corresponding to atleast one broadcast source for a geographic location responsive to atleast one of: the apparatus being powered on for a first time in thegeographic location; or the apparatus migrating, while powered on, tothe geographic location; determining that the apparatus is capable ofreceiving signals from the at least one broadcast source; and tuning toa channel determined by the wireless broadcast application to beassociated with the geographic location of the apparatus.
 16. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 15, the operations furthercomprising: configuring the apparatus to be in an on state for receivinga wireless broadcast message while an at least one receiver is initiallyin an off state; and powering on the apparatus in response to receivingthe wireless broadcast message.
 17. The computer-readable storage mediumof claim 15, the operations further comprising: selecting a source ofthe at least one broadcast source based on a relative signal strength ofa respective at least one signal provided by the at least one broadcastsource.
 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, theoperations further comprising determining a signal strength associatedwith each of the at least one broadcast source.
 19. Thecomputer-readable storage medium of claim 15, the wireless broadcastapplication comprises a commercial mobile alert system (CMAS)application.
 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, theat least one broadcast source comprising at least one of a digitaltelevision broadcast, a frequency modulation broadcast, an amplitudemodulation broadcast, a satellite broadcast, or a national oceanic andatmospheric administration weather radio broadcast.